Immediately after the first page, you should place a comma followed by a pinpoint citation to specific pages after a comma. Because you will often cite a case and other legal materials multiple times in a document, the bluebook has established a short form for use in subsequent citations. A uniform system of citation, a style guide, prescribes the most widely used legal citation system in the united states. Heres what the bluebook says about that, right on page 1. The proper bluebook citation for nonconsecutively paginated journals and magazines is. The bluebook is so widespread and fundamental to the practice of legal writing that its name has become a verb. It includes citation samples of commonly used resources, style and abbreviation guides, and info on using citation managers to organize your research and automatically create cites. First, lets assume that you are citing a law journal article. A bluebook in text journal citation requires a different way of formatting.
Importantly, however, it documents the many respects in which contemporary legal writing, very often following guidelines set out in court rules or style guides, diverges from the citation formats specified by those academic texts. If the case is not published in the regional reporter, cite to a source in which the case is published. The author hopes this guide will offer some helpful advice. The bluebook and basic concepts of legal citation to new law students. For works that would be difficult to cite using the supra form, or for which the short form would be confusing, a shortened form using hereinafter can be indicated in brackets at the end of the original citation. How to cite articles and other law journal writing. The bluebook twentieth edition is a uniform system of citation.
The norms of the bluebook referencing style for journal article the bluebook style guide contains specific norms on citing different legal documents and academic sources. Outline bluebook citation libguides at northeastern. In case of citing a book that has been edited, write ed. The basic elements of a periodical citation include. Being the most frequently used citation system in the u. The bluebook requires citation to printed material provided it is available, unless there is an authenticated, official, or exact digital copy of the printed sources. If required by your instructor, you can add annotations to your citations. Full name of the authors book title underlined or italicized. The bluebook is a style guide for legal citation in the united states that is used by lawyers, scholars, judges, law students, paralegals, and others involved in the legal profession. Be sure to consult the bluebook for specifics in general, cite to the authors, title of the article in italics, volume number of the source, title of the source i.
With our online bluebook citation generator, law writers can cite virtually any type of source of information used in their work. Bluebook citation for legal materials purdue writing lab. Internet citation bluebook citation 101 practitioner. Citation format examples for footnotes general rules times new roman, size 10, 1 line spacing, justified. This page provides bluebook a uniform system of citation, 19th ed. Legal citation guides and abbreviations home search this. The components of a journal article citation are, in order. Bluebook format citation generator for journal article. When submitting written work to non law journals, consult the journal to determine preferred citation format. This book is a must have for law students, paralegals and attorneys. Legal citation guides usbased the bluebook is the main citation manual for law in the u.
Just as substantive law changes, citation rules also change and keeping abreast of the new rules is essential for clear communication in the appellate realm. A bluebook guide for law students suffolk university. Insert the volume number at the start of the cite or a section after the title. To have your reference list or bibliography automatically made for you, try our free citation generator. Public domain cite and other reporter informati on is available for each state in t. Citing other resources bluebook guide guides at georgetown. Full name of the authors title of the article underline or italicize. The author is indicated at the beginning of the citation in regular typeface. Citation in legal documents is a rigid and important task that legal professionals take very seriously. Because of the everincreasing range of authorities cited in legal writing, no system of citation can be complete. For help with other source types, like books, pdfs, or websites, check. Free bluebook journal article citation generator to deal. Bluebook citation for llm students bluebook citation for.
Edition for works with multiple editions year of publication. This guide provides commentary, models and tips on the bluebook 19th edition for law students. Journal article citations basic legal citation cornell university. Additionally, the chicago manual of style recommends its use for all citation of legal material. The bluebook legal citation guide now available online. Case name abbreviations table 6 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z. The main rule that describes the short form for cases is rule 10.
Citing secondary sources sample bluebook citations. Effective january 1, 2008, however, california rule of court, rule 1. There are many permutations of citing to legal periodicals. Generations of law students, lawyers, scholars, judges, and other legal professionals have relied on the bluebooks unique system of citation in their writing. Short form for periodicals introduction to the bluebook. Two authors list the authors names in the order they appear on the title page, separated by an ampersand. Bruce ackerman, robert borks grand inquisition, 99 y ale l. The author experienced frustration with the bluebook both as a first year student and on a law journal board. Recent studies, however, argue that the style was born in yale with the publication of karl n. If the article is written by a student author, the designation of the piece. In your citation to a journal article, immediately following the name of the journal, you should indicate the page on which the article begins. Therefore when citing material of a type not explicitly discussed in this book, try to locate an analogous type of authority that is discussed and use that citation form as a model. Bluebook citation akron law library guides libguides.
Volume number for multivolume works authors full name as it appears on the title page. Most law journals are what the bluebook calls consecutively paginated journals. None of us anticipated seeing the book on the new york times bestseller list, but we took note since the bluebook is the appellate lawyers bible for legal citation. Home legal citation guides and abbreviations research. Our citation guides provide detailed information about all types of sources in mla, apa, chicago and turabian styles. Rule 15 in the bluebook explains how to properly cite a book. This guide lists bluebook alternatives, but you should assume that bluebook. Periodical materials bluebook guide libguides at university of. As such, every thought, sentence and idea must refer to a legal underpinning be it case law, statute, regulation, book, law reivew etc. This guide provides answers specifically to questions about the citation rules in the white pages, not the blue pages. Citation machine helps students and professionals properly credit the information that they use.
Thus far, this guide has described how to cite cases in long form, i. Generally, the given differences may be described as the white pages vs. For help with other source types, like books, pdfs, or websites, check out our other guides. A libguide created by the georgetown law library which introduces the bluebook and basic concepts of legal citation to new law students. For more information on citing law journal articles, watch our law. Generally, rule 4 will provide guidance for proper shortform citation of this type of authority, as is discussed under general shortform citation rules in this guide. Unlike simple apa, asa or mla that include only authors last name and year of publication orand number of page, bluebook is more complicated and requires more details. You may also want to buy a copy of the book mastering the blue book or something similar to help you understand how to use this book. Just remember that between the 18th and 20th edition, a lot has changed. The bluebook style guide is used in the american legal profession for citation of all relevant sources.
A basic citation to a book includes the following six elements. Llewellyn on how to write law materials for the yale law journal. The bluebook also has citation rules for legal memoranda and other practiceoriented materials the blue pages, which students in lrwa2 use for their memo assignments. California style manual for many years, the california style manual has served as the official guide for styling citations to legal materials in documents filed with state courts in california. Individual author give the authors full name as it appears on the publication, including any suffix such as jr.
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